E3 · cycle-001.e3-est-mirror-peer

Estonia, mirror a peer, 20 years

100 simulations of 20 rounds from the 2026 position. Estonia decides by the mirror a peer (irl) method; the shock and upside library, drawn at random each round.

Model 0.1.0 · graph 0.2.0 · parameters 0.1.0 · seeds 1–100 · elasticity sampled within each bracket

Every simulation · Compare with another experiment · More experiments like this

Not a forecast
Simulations of a structural model with seed parameter values, to compare methods and test the model. Other nations stay at their 2026 ratings throughout.

Outcome across simulations

The median at 2046, with the 10th to the 90th percentile of the 100 simulations under it.

Capability index
12.52 (+1.03)
From 11.49; 11.43 to 13.15
Rank by index
25
From 33; 22 to 34
Domains at Tier 1
0
From 0; 0 to 1
Tier rank
20
From 27; 17 to 36

Capability index by round

Rank by index, by round

Every objective at the position and at the horizon
Objective202610th percentileMedian90th percentileBetter
Capability indexprimary11.4911.4312.5213.15higher
Rank by index33222534lower
Tier rank27172036lower
Domains at Tier 10001higher
Score sum817.9807.9884.5931.2higher
Goal-weighted score817.9807.9884.5931.2higher
Resilient score817.9872.2 (mean score sum over the simulations)higher

The capability index is the mean of the three dimensions, each the mean of its domains, each the mean of its groups. Tiers are Pareto layers within each domain; the tier rank orders nations by domains held at Tier 1, then Tier 2, and so on. The goal-weighted score is the score sum unless the experiment sets a goal. The primary objective is the one the experiment is judged on; every other objective is reported beside it.

Credits

What each round’s credits went on in the median simulation. Across all simulations, build took 12 per cent, buy took 50 per cent, partner took 38 per cent of the 1,755 credits a simulation spent on actions.

Report

Written from the simulation record by the loop's narrator. Every figure names the query it came from, in square brackets.

Batch cycle-001. Model 0.1.0, graph 0.2.0, parameters 0.1.0. 100 simulations, seeds 1 to 100; probes on 20. Every figure is a distribution over simulations of a structural model with seed parameter values; it shows what the model implies under these settings, not what will happen. Other nations are frozen at their 2026 ratings. No reconstructed historical data is used in this experiment.

Headline

Estonia played 20 rounds from 2026 under the mirror a peer method, with stochastic events, 100 times. Its capability index moved from 11.49 to a median of 12.52 (+1.03), with 90 per cent of simulations between 11.06 and 13.24 [experiment_objectives].

Starting position

In 2026 the nation ranks 33 on the index against the frozen field, holds 0 of nine domains at Tier 1 and has a tier rank of 27. Its base income is 347 credits a year, calibrated so that its 2026 position is affordable with headroom for investment.

What was decided

A simulation spent a median of 1,796 credits on moves. The five groups that took most were Diaspora & Global Communities (partner, 97 credits, 5.5 per cent); Investment Attraction & Projection (partner, 77 credits, 4.4 per cent); Semiconductors & Advanced Computing (buy, 74 credits, 4.2 per cent); Development Cooperation & Global Assistance (buy, 72 credits, 4.1 per cent); Advanced Manufacturing (buy, 70 credits, 4.0 per cent) [experiment_decisions_by_group]. By mode: buy 47 per cent, partner 35 per cent, build 18 per cent [experiment_decisions_by_group]. Concentration of spending (HHI) had a median of 0.030, and the most repeated action appeared in 25 per cent of rounds.

The leading domain by period: rounds 1 to 5, Information & Influence; rounds 6 to 10, Trade & Investment; rounds 11 to 15, Strategic Infrastructure; rounds 16 to 20, Strategic Infrastructure [experiment_spend_by_period].

The method's chosen action was within 5 per cent of its best alternative in 75 per cent of moves and ahead by more than 25 per cent in 1 per cent [experiment_decision_margins].

What the world did

A median simulation saw 2 shocks and 1 upside events. The most damaging per firing were S03 (33 firings in 31 simulations, −40.6 points each); S09 (9 firings in 9 simulations, −38.9 points each); S10 (3 firings in 3 simulations, −37.6 points each) [experiment_shocks]. Upside events fired 85 times across all simulations [experiment_shocks].

The groups that lost most to shocks, per simulation: Information Environment & Strategic Communication −1.74; Energy Infrastructure −1.68; Maritime Power −1.62; Economic Leverage & Dependence −1.52 [experiment_shock_damage_by_group].

The edges that carried most change through the graph, per simulation: Semiconductors & Advanced Computing to Artificial Intelligence (+1.99 points); Semiconductors & Advanced Computing to Economic Leverage & Dependence (+0.81 points); Economic Output & Productivity to Fiscal Capacity & Public Finance (+0.48 points) [experiment_propagation_by_edge].

Where it ended

At 2046 the median rank is 25 (5th to 95th percentile 22 to 35), the median count of Tier 1 domains 0 (0 to 1) and the median tier rank 20; the resilient score, the mean score sum over simulations, is 872 [experiment_objectives].

Tier 1 probability changed most in: information and influence (0 to 27 per cent of simulations) [experiment_tiers_by_round].

Why

Without shocks the index ends +1.139 higher on average, so the shocks cost about 1.139 index points [experiment_probe_attribution].

Holding instead of following this method changes the index by −1.904: that is the method's worth against doing nothing [experiment_probe_attribution].

Removing any single one of the five largest actions changes the index by between −0.019 and −0.015, for example 2039 partner Trade Facilitation & Logistics (20 credits) [experiment_probe_attribution]. The largest actions by credits come late, when income is highest, and are rarely the most valuable.

Removing the largest shock of a simulation raises the index by +0.634 on average [experiment_probe_attribution].

The replay probe reproduces the simulations exactly (index change 0.000000), so the attributions are clean [experiment_probe_attribution].

Surprises

tier_jump (warn): largest gain in one domain within five years: 3 tiers (30 simulations above 2).

retired_words (warn): e3-est-mirror-peer/report.md: 'simulations' 1 time(s), first near line 40; use 'simulations'.

The simulation furthest from the median (seed 33) ends −2.88 from it, with 8 shocks and 0 upside events [experiment_outlier_simulations].

Comparison

Against the hold experiment for the same nation (e3-est-hold), the median index is +1.93 points apart, the median rank 25 against 42, and Tier 1 domains 0 against 0 [experiment_against_hold].

No backcast comparison: this experiment does not start from a historical position [experiment_against_history].

What each decision and shock was worth

Counterfactual probes on the first 20 seeds: the same simulations with one thing changed, paired seed by seed. A removed decision or shock is taken out and the other decisions replayed unchanged, so the difference is that item's worth.

ProbeIndexScore sumTier 1For example
Hold instead of the method−1.904−128.9−0.35
No shocks+1.139+83.1+0.40
Replay of the recorded actions (must change nothing)0.0000.00.00
Without the 1st largest decision−0.019−1.20.002039 partner Trade Facilitation & Logistics (20 credits)
Without the 2nd largest decision−0.015−1.10.002039 buy Resource Infrastructure (20 credits)
Without the 3rd largest decision−0.015−1.10.002039 buy Energy Infrastructure (20 credits)
Without the 4th largest decision−0.015−1.10.002039 partner Investment Attraction & Projection (20 credits)
Without the 5th largest decision−0.016−1.00.002039 buy Innovation & Commercialisation (20 credits)
Without the 1st largest shock+0.633+45.9+0.162039 S03 (-55.2 points)
Without the 2nd largest shock+0.530+37.8+0.132038 S03 (-36.2 points)
Without the 3rd largest shock+0.446+31.60.002033 S04 (-26.7 points)

Simulations

Three simulations told round by round, each on its own page: the one nearest the median index at the horizon, and those nearest the 10th and the 90th percentile. Every one of the 100 is listed with its outcome on the simulations page.

All 100 simulations

Events

How often each shock and upside event began across the simulations. Shocks come from the ten downside scenarios and upside events from the ten upside ones, at their yearly likelihood.

Event
Kind
Simulations
Mean round
Points
Hybrid coercion S04Shock47 per cent10.0−37.5
Regional war spillover S03Shock31 per cent10.6−40.6
AI labour shock S08Shock29 per cent10.3−31.1
Breadbasket failure S06Shock28 per cent9.8−17.7
Global funding seizure S02Shock26 per cent10.3−22.1
Trade bloc rupture S01Shock22 per cent8.7−29.3
Market access opening S12Upside18 per cent9.2+11.9
Water-efficient food leap S16Upside18 per cent10.9+4.5
Chronic disease advance S19Upside15 per cent11.3+16.2
Clean power threshold S15Upside11 per cent11.2+9.3
Automated discovery step S17Upside10 per cent14.0+21.1
Cryptographic trust break S09Shock9 per cent10.3−38.9
Core disaster S07Shock8 per cent7.9−16.2
Legitimacy rupture S05Shock7 per cent8.6−17.8
Severe pandemic S10Shock3 per cent10.0−37.6
Middle East settlement S14Upside3 per cent5.0+7.4
Debt service reset S11Upside2 per cent8.5+2.2
Outbreak defence succeeds S20Upside2 per cent5.5+25.2
Public service leap S18Upside1 per cent15.0+5.8
Great-power détente S13Upside1 per cent8.0+8.5

Groups across simulations

Every capability group: its position, and its median and spread at the horizon across the simulations, with what the method spent on it.

73 of 73 groups

Capability group
Domain
2026
2046
Change
Levels invested
Credits
Development Cooperation & Global AssistanceInformation & Influence7.5013.22 11.81 to 14.17+5.726.5972
Semiconductors & Advanced ComputingCritical Technology2.508.21 6.79 to 8.93+5.716.5874
Investment Attraction & ProjectionTrade & Investment11.3315.98 14.65 to 16.76+4.655.6477
Diaspora & Global CommunitiesInformation & Influence11.5015.87 14.61 to 16.58+4.375.17121
Culture, Language & Education DiplomacyInformation & Influence8.4012.42 11.25 to 13.38+4.024.8661
Sovereign Capital & External Financial PowerFinancial Strength9.8013.67 12.53 to 14.36+3.874.4466
Biotechnology & Health TechnologiesCritical Technology7.4011.11 9.94 to 12.04+3.714.3654
Advanced ManufacturingStrategic Infrastructure10.0013.13 11.90 to 13.73+3.133.4870
Global Value Chain PositionTrade & Investment13.0016.02 14.66 to 16.99+3.023.8956
Advanced Materials & ManufacturingCritical Technology5.147.97 6.67 to 8.86+2.833.5837
Economic Output & ProductivityProduction & Innovation10.0012.58 11.19 to 13.41+2.583.3454
Research Talent & Knowledge CreationHuman Capital12.6715.20 13.84 to 15.79+2.532.2744
Industrial & Sectoral BaseProduction & Innovation11.5014.00 12.79 to 14.67+2.503.0054
Innovation & CommercialisationProduction & Innovation12.5014.88 13.67 to 15.60+2.382.7658
Diplomatic Statecraft & Global NetworksInformation & Influence10.0012.31 11.01 to 13.10+2.313.1041
Financial System Depth & AccessFinancial Strength12.0013.94 12.55 to 14.73+1.942.5853
Technical & Vocational SkillsHuman Capital13.0014.81 12.65 to 15.43+1.811.5517
Digital & Services TradeTrade & Investment14.0015.74 14.36 to 16.66+1.742.7040
Artificial IntelligenceCritical Technology8.339.92 8.83 to 11.23+1.590.373
Structural Transformation & ComplexityProduction & Innovation12.6714.20 12.92 to 14.88+1.531.9136
Advanced EducationHuman Capital14.3315.85 14.56 to 16.57+1.521.7032
Trade Policy & Market AccessTrade & Investment13.5014.99 13.74 to 15.93+1.492.2423
Financial InfrastructureStrategic Infrastructure13.2514.71 13.52 to 15.53+1.462.1838
Export Capability & SophisticationTrade & Investment11.6713.00 11.90 to 13.72+1.332.1126
Sensing, Timing & NavigationCritical Technology4.605.77 4.08 to 6.69+1.171.7816
Population HealthHuman Capital13.6714.82 13.45 to 15.76+1.151.2229
Agriculture & Food InfrastructureStrategic Infrastructure11.5012.60 11.42 to 13.49+1.101.6735
Technology Adoption & DiffusionProduction & Innovation14.5015.48 14.14 to 16.23+0.981.4819
Energy InfrastructureStrategic Infrastructure8.889.80 8.51 to 10.38+0.922.2137
Water, Sanitation & Waste InfrastructureStrategic Infrastructure11.8012.69 11.38 to 13.44+0.891.6234
Financial Stability & Crisis ManagementFinancial Strength13.6714.55 13.41 to 15.07+0.881.5736
Economic Leverage & DependenceTrade & Investment11.6712.54 10.98 to 13.37+0.870.9512
Quantum TechnologiesCritical Technology5.506.29 4.86 to 7.02+0.791.2118
Transport InfrastructureStrategic Infrastructure12.0012.77 11.54 to 13.44+0.771.5332
Energy TechnologiesCritical Technology4.805.56 3.89 to 6.59+0.761.4413
Health System CapabilityHuman Capital14.0014.66 13.35 to 15.12+0.660.5714
Labour & EmploymentProduction & Innovation13.7514.39 13.05 to 15.16+0.641.3129
Trade Facilitation & LogisticsTrade & Investment13.0013.63 12.21 to 14.61+0.631.8023
Financial Regulation & IntegrityFinancial Strength14.2514.80 13.60 to 15.39+0.551.3131
Resource InfrastructureStrategic Infrastructure6.757.27 6.02 to 8.28+0.521.2419
Regulatory Governance & Strategic ControlsGovernance & Integrity14.3314.79 13.21 to 15.59+0.460.6519
Fiscal Capacity & Public FinanceFinancial Strength14.7514.94 13.57 to 15.53+0.190.7822
Business Dynamism & EntrepreneurshipProduction & Innovation14.7514.89 13.13 to 15.52+0.140.4910
Justice System & Fundamental RightsGovernance & Integrity15.2515.32 14.24 to 16.36+0.070.5520
Nuclear DeterrenceNational Security0.000.00 0.00 to 0.110.000.000
Social InfrastructureStrategic Infrastructure13.9113.90 12.70 to 14.50−0.010.6017
Monetary & Currency CapabilityFinancial Strength14.0013.96 12.69 to 14.44−0.040.7316
Early Childhood DevelopmentHuman Capital16.0015.94 15.14 to 16.55−0.060.000
Internal Security & OrderGovernance & Integrity14.6714.54 13.40 to 15.21−0.130.4210
Lifelong Learning & ReskillingHuman Capital14.3314.19 13.36 to 14.61−0.140.021
Digital & AI CompetenceHuman Capital16.5016.34 15.53 to 16.88−0.160.000
Communications & Digital InfrastructureStrategic Infrastructure14.8614.68 13.70 to 15.32−0.180.6011
Foundational EducationHuman Capital16.5016.29 15.63 to 16.80−0.210.000
Robotics & Autonomous SystemsCritical Technology8.257.95 7.00 to 8.74−0.300.000
Transparency, Oversight & AccountabilityGovernance & Integrity16.3315.94 15.27 to 16.42−0.390.000
Space TechnologiesCritical Technology2.672.28 1.11 to 3.05−0.390.204
Public Integrity & Anti-CorruptionGovernance & Integrity15.5015.08 14.38 to 15.60−0.420.000
Political Institutions & Civic ParticipationGovernance & Integrity16.0015.53 14.79 to 16.09−0.470.011
National Resilience & Crisis ManagementGovernance & Integrity14.2013.71 12.48 to 14.34−0.490.179
Space, Aerospace & Defence InfrastructureStrategic Infrastructure5.675.00 3.88 to 5.80−0.670.000
Force Generation & MobilisationNational Security13.3312.66 11.57 to 13.37−0.670.000
Connectivity, Cyber & Trust TechnologiesCritical Technology10.8010.10 8.99 to 10.90−0.700.020
Government Effectiveness & Public AdministrationGovernance & Integrity17.4016.66 15.46 to 17.59−0.740.000
Information Environment & Strategic CommunicationInformation & Influence12.0011.21 9.83 to 12.13−0.790.729
Land PowerNational Security9.258.42 7.19 to 9.27−0.830.000
Air PowerNational Security4.503.64 2.46 to 4.53−0.860.000
Space OperationsNational Security4.003.08 1.79 to 4.01−0.920.061
Joint Command, Projection & SustainmentNational Security8.677.74 6.26 to 8.70−0.930.000
Alliances & Security CooperationInformation & Influence13.5012.52 10.57 to 13.75−0.980.000
Strategic Strike & Missile DefenceNational Security6.004.95 3.35 to 6.05−1.050.000
Intelligence & AssessmentNational Security11.6710.54 8.64 to 11.81−1.130.000
Cyber & Electromagnetic OperationsNational Security12.0010.76 8.89 to 12.01−1.240.000
Maritime PowerNational Security6.004.55 3.20 to 6.01−1.450.243

Checks

The automated checks run on this experiment before anything was written about it. A warning is a candidate finding for the improvement loop.

  • passcredits_conservedlargest gap between credits in and credits accounted for: 2.3e-13
  • passscores_in_boundsscores range 0.000 to 18.520
  • passno_nans0 missing values in the trajectory and objectives
  • passprobe_replay_reproducesthe recorded moves played back reproduce the simulation to within 0.0e+00 points (20 simulations)
  • passledger_balancesthe edge ledger sums to the propagated change to within 1.0e-06 points
  • passmove_without_shocklargest one-year move in a group with no shock landing: 2.20 points; 0% of simulations have one above 3
  • warntier_jumplargest gain in one domain within five years: 3 tiers (30 simulations above 2)
  • passall_tier1_from_outside_top10starting rank 33; 0 simulations reach Tier 1 in all nine domains
  • passsaturation_high0% of simulations end with a group at 20 that did not start there (median 0 groups)
  • passsaturation_low3% of simulations end with a group at 0 that did not start there (median 0 groups)
  • passspend_concentrationmedian concentration of spending across groups (HHI) 0.030; most funded group soft.information_and_influence.diaspora_and_global_communities
  • passsame_actionthe most repeated move (group and mode) appears in a median 25% of rounds

Settings and versions

Experiment cycle-001.e3-est-mirror-peer. Every simulation records the model, graph and parameter versions, the scenario, the method and its seed, so it can be reproduced exactly.

Nation
Estonia (EST)
Position
The 2026 ratings of the National Capability Index
Method
Mirror a peer (IRL). Each round, closes the largest gaps to a peer nation's 2026 profile (the nation five places above on the mean score), by the cheapest open mode.
Scenario
The shock and upside library, drawn at random each round
Objective
Capability index, the primary objective the experiment is judged on; every other objective is reported beside it
Horizon
20 rounds, 2026 to 2046
Simulations
100 seeds, 1 to 100. Every method in the batch faces the same draws for the same seed.
Graph elasticities
Drawn for each simulation, uniformly within each edge’s bracket
Income
Base credits 346.9 a round, moving with the economic groups
Versions
Model 0.1.0, Capability Dependency Graph 0.2.0, parameters 0.1.0
Batch
Improvement cycle (cycle-001), cycle 1 of the improvement loop
Runtime
8.0 seconds in all; 1306 microseconds a round
Not a forecast
Every figure is a distribution over the simulations of a structural model, reported to compare methods and test the model. None is a prediction of what a nation will do or become.
Structural parameters
Costs, decay, vulnerability and credits are structural seed values with low or medium confidence, set by domain with single-group exceptions. Five groups have no defensible value in a single-nation model and are flagged in the parameter tables.
Other nations are frozen
One nation is simulated at a time. Every other nation stays at its 2026 rating, so rank and tiers are measured against a still field; where the simulated nation rises past others their own tiers are not re-sorted.
Starting depth and mode are defaults
The position is the National Capability Index ratings. How institutionalised each capability is, and how much was built, bought or partnered, have no data behind them yet and start from structural defaults.
Credits are calibrated, not measured
Each nation’s income is set so that its position is affordable with headroom that rises with its fiscal capacity. It is not yet fiscal capacity as a share of GDP.